Weight Rating Definitions

RATINGS are LIMITS established by the manufacturer, which should never be exceeded. Ratings are based on several factors including: structural strength, braking power, drive train strength, etc. Ratings and limits affect vehicle stability, controllability, and performance. Exceeding a rating can create unsafe conditions and cause potential damage. Furthermore, you may void your warranty and it may complicate an insurance claim. There is always the potential of legal issues as you may also be in violation of some laws (see 2004 State Towing Laws).

UVW: Unloaded Vehicle Weight The WEIGHT of a vehicle as built at the factory with full fuel, engine(generator) oil and coolants. It does not include cargo, fresh water, LP gas, occupants, or dealer installed accessories. Check with your dealer as it may also not include order options. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating The MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WEIGHT of the fully loaded vehicle, including liquids, passengers, cargo, and the tongue weight of any towed vehicle. GCWR: Gross Combination Weight Rating The MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE COMBINED WEIGHT of the tow vehicle AND the attached towed vehicle. GCWR assumes that both vehicles have functioning brakes, with exceptions in some cases for very light towed vehicles, normally less than 1,500 pounds. (Check your chassis manual or towing guide.) GAWR: Gross Axle Weight Rating The MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WEIGHT each axle assembly is designed to carry, as measured at the tires, therefore including the weight of the axle assembly itself. GAWR is established by considering the rating of each of its components (tires, wheels, springs, axle), and rating the axle on its weakest link. The GAWR assumes that the LOAD IS EQUAL ON EACH SIDE. GTWR: Gross Trailer Weight Rating The MAXIMUM TOWED VEHICLE WEIGHT. Remember, this assumes you are using the appropriate hitch gear. Each hitch component (receiver, drawbar, ball) of a ball-type hitch has its own rating. Some ball-type hitches have separate ratings when used with a weight distributing system. (Hitch Information) TIRE RATINGS - an often forgotten component The MAXIMUM LOAD that a tire may carry is engraved on the sidewall (see chart), along with a corresponding COLD inflation pressure. A reduction in inflation pressure requires a reduction in load rating. Tire manufacturers publish charts that establish the load capacity at various inflation pressures. Handymanusa.com information on How To Read a Tire Other ratings you may see TWR/TLR/VLR: TWR-Tongue Weight, TLR-Tongue Load, VLR-Vertical Load Rating Different terms for the MAXIMUM VERTICAL/DOWNWARD LOAD that can be carried by the hitch. Note: WEIGHT and LOAD are terms that are generally used interchangeable. Think of it as the vehicle has weight and tires carry the load.